• Four polymorphic variants of Neil

  2021-09-07

  

  Four polymorphic variants of Neil1, namely, S82C (rs5745905), G83D (rs5745906), C136R (rs5745907) and D252N (rs5745926) were characterized by Roy et al. in 2007 (Table 1). Analyses of AP site incision on Tg containing oligonucleotide showed that S82C and D252N variants had wild type activity and car

• Free fatty acid receptor FFAR

  2021-09-07

  

  Free fatty Apocynin synthesis receptor 1 (FFAR1, also known as GPR40) belongs to the family of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and was de-orphanized in 2003 as a receptor for medium-to long-chain free fatty acids (FFAs) [9,10]. Mainly expressed in beta cells of pancreatic islets, GPR40 can be ac

• br Cell origin The ontogeny of astrocytes

  2021-09-07

  

  Cell origin The ontogeny of astrocytes in vitro has been investigated in detail; Raff et al. (1983) characterised two types of astrocytes: type 1 being fibroblast-like in morphology and poorly labelled with a monoclonal antibody (AB25), whereas type 2 exhibited oligodendrocyte or neuron-like morp

• In teleosts GR is expressed in almost every

  2021-09-07

  

  In teleosts, GR is expressed in almost every cell and regulates genes controlling development, metabolism, and immune response [17,18]. Several teleosts contain two GR genes, GR1 and GR2 [8]. Other groups have found only one GR in some species thus far, such as the Japanese flounder, brown trout, an

• Fourthly the distribution sites after

  2021-09-07

  

  Fourthly, the distribution sites after i.c.v. injection of FAM-ghrelin(1–7)-NH2 were explored in mice using the technologies of fluorescence labeling. The green fluorescence of FAM-ghrelin(1–7)-NH2 was strongly distributed in these structures of lateral ventricle, lateral septal nucleus, dorsal part

• ETV plays an important role

  2021-09-07

  

  ETV5 plays an important role in tumorigenesis and metastasis. For example, chromosomal rearrangement of ETV5 which results in increased ETV5 level is believed as a common event driving human prostate cancer (Helgeson et al., 2008; Huang and Waknitz, 2009). Ghrelin/acyl-ghrelin also plays an importan

• The ultimate success of multimodal

  2021-09-06

  

  The ultimate success of multimodal probe in the inflammation imaging will be dependent on simplicity in synthesis (combining various modules without protection/deprotection), ease of optimization of pharmacological properties (linker group with tunable PEG moiety), co-registration of macroscopic and

• Binding of FGFs to FGFRs leads to receptor dimerization

  2021-09-06

  

  Binding of FGFs to FGFRs leads to receptor dimerization, resulting in the transphosphorylation of a tyrosine in the activation loop of the kinase domain. Subsequently, the activated FGFRs phosphorylate their intracellular receptor substrates, particularly FGFR substrate 2 (FRS2) and phospholipase C

• In conclusion our results showed that FFAR can mediate the

  2021-09-06

  

  In conclusion, our results showed that FFAR1 can mediate the effect of PIO in attenuating β-cell lipoapoptosis through anti-oxidative stress, which may be related to the activation of the PLCγ-ERK1/2-PPARγ pathway. Our study helps not only to distinguish the role played by FFAR1 in lipotoxicity, but

• First identified in as the second

  2021-09-06

  

  First identified in 1982 as the second mammalian glutathione peroxidase [23], we and Stockwell's group demonstrated in 2014 that the selenoperoxidase GPX4 is the key upstream regulator of ferroptosis [12], [13]. The role of GPX4 as the main regulator in the ferroptotic process is based on its unique

• Loss of EZH function as a

  2021-09-06

  

  Loss of EZH2 function as a consequence of nonsense or frameshift mutations has also been detected in a cohort study conducted by Jankowska et al. in chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) patients, as an early event in cancer development [43]. Although, a recent study in Japan described increased le

• mps1 kinase Despite the increased risk for infections and th

  2021-09-06

  

  Despite the increased risk for infections and the widespread availability of vaccines, reported vaccine coverage rates among HIV-infected adult patients are low [17], [18], [19], [20], [21]. Data from two studies in the United States suggested that influenza vaccination coverage among HIV-infected p

• HIV incidence is often determined by following

  2021-09-06

  

  HIV incidence is often determined by following cohorts of HIV-uninfected individuals and quantifying the rate of new HIV infections. HIV incidence can also be estimated using a cross-sectional study design, using laboratory assays to identify individuals who are likely to have recent HIV infection.

• br Conflict of interest statement br References and recommen

  2021-09-06

  

  Conflict of interest statement References and recommended reading Papers of particular interest, published within the period of review, have been highlighted as: Acknowledgements We thank Urann Chan for assistance with the figures. This work was supported in part by National Institutes of

• OS has a key role

  2021-09-06

  

  OS has a key role in the pathogenesis of micro- and macrovascular diabetic complications [3]. There is now convincing evidence that the enzymes that generate ROS and gasotransmitters, such as nitric oxide (NO) and CO, are redox regulated at both the transcription and activity levels, and are also im

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