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The physiological and pharmacological roles of
2022-03-25

The physiological and pharmacological roles of GPR81 remain largely unclear because of several reasons. The low potency of lactate agonizing GPR81 in the millimolar range, together with its fast metabolic turnover, renders as a challenge in in vivo studies using lactate. Furthermore, there are no po
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GPR is a member of
2022-03-25

GPR119 is a member of the G protein-coupled receptor family, and is highly expressed in pancreatic β-cells and intestinal endocrine cells. It has been proposed that GPR119 agonists modulate glucose homeostasis by indirectly stimulating glucose-dependent insulin release through enhancing pancreatic c
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To facilitate the development of novel diagnostic and therap
2022-03-25

To facilitate the development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic interventions in NASH, a plethora of animal models have been used to identify molecular targets that are involved in the onset and progression of NASH. In view of recent advances in the understanding of the pathogenesis of NASH and pr
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The treatment target which aims at
2022-03-25

The “90-90-90 treatment target” which aims at diagnosing 90% of HIV-infected individuals, treating 90% of those diagnosed and achieve viral suppression for 90% of treated individuals, is a key strategy to achieve one of the sustainable development goals (SDG) of ending AIDS as a public health threat
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To determine the functional consequences of HIV
2022-03-25

To determine the functional consequences of HIV gp120 binding to vaginal epithelial cells, an annotation clustering of the differentially expressed genes was performed. The top enriched biological processes included an inflammatory immune response, defense response and the pathways included the SODD
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br Materials and methods br Results
2022-03-25

Materials and methods Results and discussion We recently found that the GlyT1 N-terminal and C-terminal sequences could be modified by phophorylation, or partially lost under pathological conditions by calcium-dependent proteolysis (Baliova and Jursky, 2005, Baliova and Jursky, 2010). While re
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Much less is known about the and subunits GlyR
2022-03-25

Much less is known about the α3 and α4 subunits. GlyR α3 subunit immunoreactive synapses are concentrated in discrete bands across the IPL; besides, bipolar, amacrine and ganglion cells have been suggested to express it (Haverkamp et al., 2003, Wässle et al., 2009). In fact, All amacrine express α3β
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Several studies have found decreased astroglial and
2022-03-25

Several studies have found decreased astroglial and neuronal cell numbers and Bindarit damage after OP exposure. Neuronal loss and brain lesions increase proportionally to the severity and duration of OP-induced seizures (Albuquerque et al., 2006, Carpentier et al., 2000, Gullapalli et al., 2010, M
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The transport of glutamate by EAAT from the
2022-03-25

The transport of glutamate by EAAT2 from the extracellular fluid into either astrocytes or endothelial cells is an unfavorable and energy-consuming process. This energy is provided by a coupled co-transport of three sodium ions, one proton, and one glutamate molecule in the counter-transport of one
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An important difference between glucokinase and
2022-03-25

An important difference between glucokinase and the other hexokinases is that it has a much lower affinity for glucose, such that it is not saturated at physiological blood glucose concentrations (Wilson, 1995, Wilson, 1997, Wilson, 2003, Wilson, 2004, Cárdenas et al., 1998). In addition, glucokinas
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MAPK are involved in a large variety of solid and
2022-03-25

MAPK are involved in a large variety of solid and hematolgical neoplasms and, indeed, several components of the MAPK network have already been proposed as targets in cancer therapy, such as p38, JNK, ERK1/2, MEK1/2, RAF, RAS, DUSP1 and ERK5 [11], [12]. Among them, alteration of the RAS-RAF-MEK1/2-ER
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Furegrelate sodium salt br Materials and methods br
2022-03-25

Materials and methods Results Discussion The global pandemic of T2DM has mandated a search for new types of therapeutic agent and several long-acting analogs of naturally occurring incretins, particularly derivatives of GLP-1, have already been adopted in clinical practice [29]. This study
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br Role of ghrelin in
2022-03-25

Role of ghrelin in reward and addiction In addition to its well-known effects on Protease Inhibitor Cocktail (EDTA-Free, 200X in DMSO) homeostasis regulation at the hypothalamic level [reviews in (Al Massadi et al., 2017, Muller et al., 2015)], ghrelin also has the ability to increase food motiv
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There are many kinds of neurological disorders and neuropsyc
2022-03-25

There are many kinds of neurological disorders and neuropsychiatric diseases, like stroke, dementia, schizophrenia and so on. Among these disorders, the most important reason for choosing depression in our study is that FXR has already been demonstrated to regulate the function of CREB, which is clo
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One effective approach to fine tuning the
2022-03-25

One effective approach to fine-tuning the lipophilicity profile of FFA1 agonists is to ‘decorate’ the 3-phenylpropahoic Rosiglitazone maleate synthesis scaffold with polar heterocyclic moieties. Alternatively, this scaffold could be replaced with heterocyclic isosteres (as in Takeda’s compounds 1,2
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